1. Simile: A simile is a figure of speech that compares two different things using “like” or “as.” In the sonnet, Shakespeare uses a simile in line 4: “My mistress’ eyes are nothing like the sun.” This comparison emphasizes the speaker’s honest and realistic portrayal of his beloved.
2. Metaphor: A metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a hidden comparison between two unrelated things. While there are no explicit metaphors in “Sonnet 130,” the sonnet as a whole can be seen as a metaphor for the speaker’s unconventional and genuine love.
3. Alliteration: Alliteration is the repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words in close proximity. In “Sonnet 130,” examples of alliteration include “Coral is far more red than her lips’ red” and “I grant I never saw a goddess go.”
4. Enjambment: Enjambment is the continuation of a sentence or phrase without a pause at the end of a line, moving onto the next line. “Sonnet 130” contains several instances of enjambment, such as between lines 2 and 3, lines 5 and 6, and lines 8 and 9. This technique creates a natural flow and rhythm within the sonnet.
5. Repetition: Repetition is the deliberate use of words or phrases for emphasis. In “Sonnet 130,” the repetition of the phrase “And yet” at the beginning of lines 9 and 13 highlights the speaker’s contrasting statements and adds emphasis to his genuine love.
6. Irony: Irony is the use of words to convey a meaning that is opposite to the literal or expected meaning. “Sonnet 130” employs irony by subverting traditional love poetry. The speaker presents unflattering comparisons and acknowledges the imperfections of his beloved, but ultimately declares his unwavering love for her.

Sonnet 130 Summary