English Notes Latest Questions

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  1. Radhika
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    Radhika

    As per the form of the Petrarchan sonnet, the poem follows the rhyme scheme of "ABBAABBA" in the octave section. The rhyme scheme of the sestet is "CDEDCE," which slightly varies in nature. What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why Summary

    As per the form of the Petrarchan sonnet, the poem follows the rhyme scheme of “ABBAABBA” in the octave section. The rhyme scheme of the sestet is “CDEDCE,” which slightly varies in nature.

    What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why Summary

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  1. Radhika
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    Radhika

    Repetition: Repetition is a literary device where a certain word or phrase is repeated multiple times to emphasise the word or to create a rhythm. The poet has used this device in the following lines. What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why, I have forgotten, and what arms have lain The reRead more

    Repetition:

    Repetition is a literary device where a certain word or phrase is repeated multiple times to emphasise the word or to create a rhythm.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why,

    I have forgotten, and what arms have lain

    The repetition of the words “lips” and “what” are for the purpose of emphasising the word.

    Anaphora:

    Anaphora is a literary device that uses the repetition of short phrases or single words at the beginning of clauses or sentences to enhance rhythm.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    I cannot say what loves have come and gone,

    I only know that summer sang in me

    Both these lines begin with the same word “I”.

    Metaphor:

    Metaphor is a literary device where two unrelated objects are compared to each other.

    The poetess has used this device in the following lines.

    Thus in the winter stands the lonely tree,

    Nor knows what birds have vanished one by one,

    Here, the word “the lonely tree” is compared to the present state of the speaker. On the other hand the word “birds” is used to make a comparison to the speaker’s past lovers.

    Thus, like the lonely tree in the winter season, the speaker is living without the trace of her past lovers.

    Alliteration:

    Alliteration is a literary device in which certain sounds are repeated at the beginning of words in a sentence or phrase.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines. 

    What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why,

    Is full of ghosts tonight, that tap and sigh

    Will turn to me at midnight with a cry.

    I only know that summer sang in me

    What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why Summary

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  1. Radhika
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    Radhika

    As per the form of the Petrarchan sonnet, the poem follows the rhyme scheme of "ABBAABBA" in the octave section. The rhyme scheme of the sestet is "CDEECD," which slightly varies in nature. Time does not bring relief;you all have lied Summary

    As per the form of the Petrarchan sonnet, the poem follows the rhyme scheme of “ABBAABBA” in the octave section. The rhyme scheme of the sestet is “CDEECD,” which slightly varies in nature.

    Time does not bring relief;you all have lied Summary

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    Radhika

    Anaphora: Anaphora is a literary device that uses the repetition of short phrases or single words at the beginning of clauses or sentences to enhance rhythm. The poet has used this device in the following lines. "I miss him in the weeping of the rain; I want him at the shrinking of the tide;" AlliteRead more

    Anaphora:

    Anaphora is a literary device that uses the repetition of short phrases or single words at the beginning of clauses or sentences to enhance rhythm. The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    “I miss him in the weeping of the rain;

    I want him at the shrinking of the tide;”

    Alliteration:

    Alliteration is a literary device in which certain sounds are repeated at the beginning of words in a sentence or phrase. The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    “Who told me time would ease me of my pain!

    And last year’s leaves are smoke in every lane;

    Heaped on my heart, and my old thoughts abide!

    I say, “There is no memory of him here!”

    And so stand stricken, so remembering him!”

    Metaphor:

    Metaphor is a literary device where two unrelated objects are compared to each other. The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    “I miss him in the weeping of the rain;”

    She has compared rain to weeping

    “The old snows melt from every mountain-side,

    And last year’s leaves are smoke in every lane;”

    In these lines, she has compared love to dried leaves or melted snow.

    Repetition:

    Repetition is a literary device where a certain word or phrase is repeated multiple times to emphasise the word or to create a rhythm. The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    “And last year’s leaves are smoke in every lane;

    But last year’s bitter loving must remain”

    Here the phrase “last years” are repeated to emphasize the contrasting ideas.

    In the sestet the word “memory” is repeated to enhance the rhythm.

    Hyperbole:

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    “There are a hundred places where I fear”

    Here the phrase “hundred places” is a hyperbole.

    Time does not bring relief;you all have lied Summary

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    Radhika

    1.Rhetorical Question: A rhetorical question is a device used in the poem to not for the answer but to create effect in the minds of the readers. The poetess has used this device in the following instances. “To what purpose, April, do you return again?” (Line 1) The poet has begun the stanza with thRead more

    1.Rhetorical Question:

    A rhetorical question is a device used in the poem to not for the answer but to create effect in the minds of the readers. The poetess has used this device in the following instances.

    “To what purpose, April, do you return again?” (Line 1)

    The poet has begun the stanza with this rhetorical question. The speaker is addressing the month of “April” and asking this question.

    It also occurs in following line

    “But what does that signify?” (Line 10)

    Again, the speaker of the poem is questioning the month of “April”.

    2.Simile: 

    A simile is a figure of speech which compares two unlikely things with the words like “as” or “like”. The poet has used this device in the following line.

    “April

    Comes like an idiot, babbling and strewing flowers.”

    In this line, the poet has compared the month of April to an idiot.

    3.Metaphor: 

    Metaphor is a literary device where two unrelated objects are compared to each other. The poet has used this poetic device in the following line.

    “An empty cup, a flight of uncarpeted stairs.”

    The poet compares life with an “empty cup” and “a flight of uncarpeted stairs,”.

    4.Symbolism: 

    Spring is a symbol of rebirth in nature. So, the poet has used this term to signify the aftermath of world war. The poet has described the buried bodies in the underground. Yet, this spring season has made the surroundings smell good with her blooming flowers.

    5.Anaphora: 

    Anaphora is a literary device that uses the repetition of short phrases or single words at the beginning of clauses or sentences to enhance rhythm. The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    “The sun is hot on my neck as I observe

    The spikes of the crocus.

    The smell of the earth is good.”

    These lines begin with the same word, “The.” The poet has tried to enhance the rhythm in these lines.

    Spring Summary

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  1. Radhika
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    Radhika

    Personification: Personification is a poetic device where animals, plants or even inanimate objects are given human qualities. The poet has used this poetic device in the following lines. I shall die, but that is all that I shall do for Death. Throughout the poem Death has been personified. To indicRead more

    1. Personification:

    Personification is a poetic device where animals, plants or even inanimate objects are given human qualities. The poet has used this poetic device in the following lines.

    I shall die, but

    that is all that I shall do for Death.

    Throughout the poem Death has been personified. To indicate this the poet has used capital letter “D” throughout the poem.

    2. Anaphora:

    Anaphora is a literary device that uses the repetition of short phrases or single words at the beginning of clauses or sentences to enhance rhythm. This device can be seen in the following lines.

    I hear him leading his horse out of the stall;

    I hear the clatter on the barn-floor. (Lines 3 -4)

    Both lines start with the phrase “I hear”. In the same way, the following two lines begin with the pronoun “I” and the phrase “I shall” is repeated in the following line.

    I shall die, but that is all that I shall do for Death;

    I am not on his pay-roll.

    3.Repetition:

    Repetition is a literary device where a certain word or phrase is repeated multiple times to emphasise the word or to create a rhythm. The poet has used this device in the following line.

    This line is repeated at the first and second stanza. 

    I shall die, but

    that is all that I shall do for Death.

    This device can also be found in the following line. In the second and third stanza the phrase “I will not” is repeated by the poet. It gives emphasis the speaker’s decision of not disclosing the information to the Death.

    Conscientious Objector Summary

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