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    Radhika

    Personification: Personification is a poetic device where animals, plants or even inanimate objects are given human qualities. The poet has used this device in the following lines. The bones and the darkness within  Surround them all  Inside a tune plays on  The Howrah Bridge is holding up high  TheRead more

    • Personification:

    Personification is a poetic device where animals, plants or even inanimate objects are given human qualities.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    The bones and the darkness within 

    Surround them all 

    Inside a tune plays on 

    The Howrah Bridge is holding up high 

    The void 

    Under my feet drifts Time.

    In these lines, the words “inner darkness”, “bones”, “the Howrah bridge” and “time” are personified.

    • Repetition:

    Repetition is a literary device where a certain word or phrase is repeated multiple times to emphasise the word or to create a rhythm.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    Whatever was around me

    Exile

    Folklores 

    Solitary sunset 

    Whatever was around me

    Landslides 

    Arrows and spears 

    A homestead 

    All shiver with their faces turned west. 

    Here, the line, “Whatever was around me” is repeated for the sake of emphasis.

    • Allusion:

    Through this poem, the poet has alluded to the Partition of India. Even in the seventh line of the original poem, the word “Kothamala” refers to Bengali folklore.

    Exile

    Folklores 

    Solitary sunset 

    Rehabilitation Summary

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    The translated version of the poem “Twenty-sixth January” doesn't follow any rhyme scheme. But the original version followed a rhyme scheme. The alternate lines ended with the word “hue” creating the rhythm in the poem. The last two lines of the original version of the poem formed a couplet. Twenty-Read more

    The translated version of the poem “Twenty-sixth January” doesn’t follow any rhyme scheme. But the original version followed a rhyme scheme. The alternate lines ended with the word “hue” creating the rhythm in the poem. The last two lines of the original version of the poem formed a couplet.

    Twenty-sixth January Summary

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    Radhika

    Rhetorical Question: Rhetorical question is a literary device in which the author asks questions to the readers. These questions need not be answered but it is aimed to create the idea or concept behind the poem. The poet has used this device in the following lines. What happened to all those beautiRead more

    • Rhetorical Question:

    Rhetorical question is a literary device in which the author asks questions to the readers. These questions need not be answered but it is aimed to create the idea or concept behind the poem.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    What happened to all those beautiful dreams we had dreamt?

    When wealth increased why did poverty also increase in the country?

    What happened to the means of increasing the prosperity of the people?

    Through these lines, the poet is questioning the governing people and the public.

    • Metaphor:

    Metaphor is a literary device where two unrelated objects are compared to each other.

    The poet has used this device in the following line.

    Those who walked beside us on the street of the gallows

    What happened to those friends and comrades and fellow travellers?

    Here “streets of the gallows” refers to people who protested for freedom at the street, thus it led to gallows.

    • Alliteration:

    Alliteration is a literary device in which certain sounds are repeated at the beginning of words in a sentence or phrase.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    What happened to those rare and precious prescriptions?

    Every street is a field of flames, every city a slaughterhouse

    Twenty-sixth January Summary

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    Radhika

    Simile: The poet has used this device in the following lines. Of course, I can guess to whom they raise their arms: they have their mother as I have my own. Here, the child speaker is comparing her mother to the mothers of flowers (Nature) Alliteration: Alliteration is a literary device in which cerRead more

    • Simile:

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    Of course, I can guess to whom they raise their arms: they have their mother as I have my own.

    Here, the child speaker is comparing her mother to the mothers of flowers (Nature)

    • Alliteration:

    Alliteration is a literary device in which certain sounds are repeated at the beginning of words in a sentence or phrase.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    When storm clouds rumble in the sky and June showers come down,

    The moist east wind comes marching over the heath to blow its bagpipes among the bamboos.

    Then crowds of flowers come out of a sudden, from nobody knows where, and dance upon the grass in wild glee.

    • Metaphor:

    Metaphor is a literary device where two unrelated objects are compared to each other.

    The poet Tagore has used the following device in the following lines.

    The moist east wind comes marching over the heath to blow its bagpipes among the bamboos.

    The moist east wind comes marching over the heath to blow its bagpipes among the bamboo.

    Here, the poet says that when the wind blows through the bamboo, it makes a sound. It is compared to the sounds of bagpipes.

    The moist east wind comes marching over the heath to blow its bagpipes among the bamboos.

    The sound of wind blowing towards the heath is compared to the marching sound.

    rush out in dresses of pink and yellow and white.

    The child speaker compares the colour of flowers to the uniforms.

    • Personification:

    Personification is a poetic device where animals, plants or even inanimate objects are given human qualities.

    The poet has used this device in the following lines.

    The moist east wind comes marching over the heath to blow

    Here, the east wind is described as marching soldiers.

    Then crowds of flowers come out of a sudden, from nobody knows where, and dance upon the grass in wild glee.

    Here, the flowers are described as a crowd dancing upon the grass.

    Mother, I really think the flowers go to school underground.

    The child speaker compares the flowers to the school children.

    thunder-clouds clap their giant hands and the flower children

    Here, the thunder cloud is personified as clapping hands.

    Of course, I can guess to whom they raise their arms: they have their mother as I have my own.

    Nature is personified as the mother of flower in this line.

    • Rhetorical Question:

    A rhetorical question is a literary question that is asked in the literary work not to provide an answer, but to emphasise the concept or idea behind the question.

    The poet Tagore has used this device in the following lines.

    Haven’t you seen how eager they are to get there? Don’t you know why they are in such a hurry?

    The Flower School Summary

     

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    Radhika

    The poem revolves around the central theme of relationships, especially those which are distant and emotionally neglectful. The poem tries to teach the women to survive and be happy in a relationship where one partner is emotionally distant. It talks about the negative emotions a woman can feel dueRead more

    The poem revolves around the central theme of relationships, especially those which are distant and emotionally neglectful. The poem tries to teach the women to survive and be happy in a relationship where one partner is emotionally distant. It talks about the negative emotions a woman can feel due to an emotionally neglectful partner. But the poet advises them to adopt a cat. This is advice to women about coping with such negative relationships. The central theme of the poem is to teach women about self-love and learning how to live happily alone and not be to affected by the actions of others.

    Advice to Women Summary

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    Radhika

    As the poem is written in free verse form, there is no rhyme scheme that is followed. But it does have some rhyming words like “surprise” and “eyes”. Advice to Women Summary

    As the poem is written in free verse form, there is no rhyme scheme that is followed. But it does have some rhyming words like “surprise” and “eyes”.

    Advice to Women Summary

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    Radhika

    The central idea of the poem is to help women deal with feeling distant from their partners in a relationship. It suggests that understanding this "otherness" is crucial. The goal is not just to endure being alone but to learn how to navigate and find strength in solitude. By comparing it to the indRead more

    The central idea of the poem is to help women deal with feeling distant from their partners in a relationship. It suggests that understanding this “otherness” is crucial. The goal is not just to endure being alone but to learn how to navigate and find strength in solitude. By comparing it to the independence of cats, the poem encourages women to embrace self-reliance and acceptance in the face of emotional distance, preparing them to handle both the challenges and solitude that life might bring.

    Advice to Women Summary

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    Radhika

    Enjambment - enjambment is when the line is continued onto the next line without any pause. In the poem, the poet uses enjambment to continue on the idea of adopting cats in order to learn how to cope up with feeling like an “other”. The poet has used the enjambment in order to express a transitionRead more

    • Enjambment – enjambment is when the line is continued onto the next line without any pause. In the poem, the poet uses enjambment to continue on the idea of adopting cats in order to learn how to cope up with feeling like an “other”. The poet has used the enjambment in order to express a transition between learning how to take care of a cat and coping with the relationship with a distant partner.

    • Imagery- imagery is the use of words by a poet to paint a picture in the minds of the reader. Imagery can be of various types; tactile, olfactory, auditory, gustatory and visual. The poet here makes use of visual imagery in the lines “That stare of perpetual surprise/ in those great green eyes” presents the image of looking into the green eyes of a cat.

    • Alliteration – Alliteration is repetition of the same letter or sound in a line. In the poem the poet repeats the consonants “C” and “L” in the words “cats” and “cope” and “lovers” and “lovers”.

    Advice to Women Summary

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    Radhika

    The poem “Flower on the Road” has a hopeful and optimistic tone. It follows themes of kindness, nature, and companionship that is displayed by a conversation between two flowers. Flower on the Road Summary

    The poem “Flower on the Road” has a hopeful and optimistic tone. It follows themes of kindness, nature, and companionship that is displayed by a conversation between two flowers.

    Flower on the Road Summary

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    Radhika

     The poem is written in free verse and therefore it does not follow any consistent metre or rhyme scheme. Although it has some rhyming words like wall, all, and small. Flower on the Road Summary

     The poem is written in free verse and therefore it does not follow any consistent metre or rhyme scheme. Although it has some rhyming words like wall, all, and small.

    Flower on the Road Summary

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