He said to me, “Why were you absent?” Change into Indirect Speech
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Indirect Speech: He asked me why I had been absent.
Explanation: When the reporting verb is in the past (said) and the direct speech is in the past indefinite tense, then the indirect (reported) speech will change into the past perfect tense.
Past Indefinite Tense > Past Perfect Tense.
And if the sentence is interrogative, we use the reporting verbs like asked, enquired, etc.
Learn Narration
Indirect Speech: He asked me why I had been absent.
He asked me why I had been absent.